IPA KODE 34

Text I

The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and use of bricks. There are several practical reasons why bricks became important to the colony. Although the forests could initially supply sufficient timber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been depleted wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone was also in short supply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitable that the colonists would turn to brick making.

In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also non-ideological reason. Brick represented durability and permanence. The Virginia company of London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and now residences out of brick.

Choose the right answer!

31. The main idea of the passage above is _________________________________.

(A) The reason of brick making in Jamestown

(B) The cause of the failure of Jamestown

(C) The laws of the Virginia colonists

(D) The problems of the early American colonies

(E) The building was made of stone

32. The followings were the reason for using bricks in construction except ____________.

(A) Wood had to be brought from some distance

(B) There was considerable clay available

(C) The lumbering process depended on good roads

(D) The timber was not of good quality

(E) The clay was as much as they want

33. From the passage we can conclude that Jamestown was established on __________.

(A) a barren peninsula near other towns

(B) a rocky peninsula with a small forested area

(C) a sandy beach in Virginia

(D) an uninhabitable peninsula with few natural resources

(E) a wooded peninsula with a clay soil

Text II

35

34

After the industrial revolution steel ________ making ships, and they were driven by steam. Ships became faster and sea ________ became safer. Nowadays ships use oil and can travel even faster.

36

They are bigger and stronger than the ships of the nineteenth century, and so they are safer. Nowadays sea travel is ________ reliable more reliable than travel by land or air. We seldom hear of accident at sea.

34. (A) was used to

(B) is used for

(C) was used for

(D) is used to

(E) were used for

35. (A) to transport

(B) transport

(C) transported

(D) transporting

(E) transportation

36. (A) extremely

(B) definitely

(C) accurately

(D) reliably

(E) gently

37. Were the manager at the office, he _______ the staff _______ the problem.

(A) would have – solved

(B) would have had – to solve

(C) would have – solve

(D) would have – to solve

(E) would have had – solve

38. One of the beautiful paintings _______ since I _______ abroad.

(A) has sold out – am

(B) have sold out – was

(C) had been sold out – was

(D) has been sold out – was

(E) have been sold out – was

39. _______ a letter, Ani cried in her room.

(A) Having received

(B) To have receive

(C) To be received

(D) Having been received

(E) Being received

40. I saw the old woman accompanied by her son.

The underlined words mean: I saw _______________________ by her son.

(A) The old woman who accompanied

(B) The old woman who is accompanied

(C) The old woman who was accompanied

(D) The old woman who accompanies

(E) The old woman whom accompanied

41. His new car _________ by his son by the time he comes back from Bali.

(A) will be repaired

(B) will have been repairing

(C) will be repairing

(D) will have repaired

(E) will have been repaired

42. We had an English test last week.

________, only several students passed in the test, the others had to follow the coming test.

(A) Although

(B) However

(C) Because

(D) Despite

(E) In spite of

43. When I knocked on his door yesterday morning, no one answered. He __________ to work.

(A) should have gone

(B) would have gone

(C) could have gone

(D) must have gone

(E) ought to have gone

44. They reported that he stole her money.

We can also say _______________________.

(A) He was reported to stole her money

(B) It is said that he stole her money

(C) He reported to steal her money

(D) He was said to stole her money

(E) He was reported to steal her money

45. My brother told me as if the meeting __________ by all members yesterday.

(A) had attended

(B) had been attended

(C) attended

(D) was attended

(E) being attended